1. X-ray technicians wear protective gear to keep them safe from the X-rays. Why are X-rays dangerous? They have long wavelengths that can penetrate materials, and their high energy can damage matter.

They have short wavelengths that can penetrate materials, and their high energy can damage matter.

They have short wavelengths that can penetrate materials, and their low energy can damage matter.

They have long wavelengths that can penetrate materials, and their low energy can damage matter.

2. Frequency is measured in hertz. Which option best describes hertz?

the length of a wave over a specified length of time

the number of waves that pass a certain point within a certain time

the distance that one cycle of a wave will travel

the number of vibrations produced per minute

3.Use the information about four different waves to answer the question.

wave 1 = frequency of 6.66 × 1014 Hz, wavelength of 450 nm
wave 2 = frequency of 5.77 × 1014 Hz, wavelength of 520 nm
wave 3 = frequency of 4.61 × 1014 Hz, wavelength of 650 nm
wave 4 = frequency of 4.28 × 1014 Hz, wavelength of 700 nm

Which wave contains the lowest energy?

wave 4

wave 1

wave 3

wave 2

Use the image of the electromagnetic spectrum to answer the question.

The illustration describes the different wavelengths in decreasing order and the frequency in increasing order from left to right. The radiations shown are as follows: the radio waves (AM, FM, TV, and radar), wavelength from 100 m to 1 cm. Infrared (TV remote), wavelength from 1 cm to 1000 nm. Visible spectrum (light bulb) wavelength from 1000 nm to 10 nm. X-rays (X-ray machine) wavelength from 10 nm to 0.01 nm. Gamma rays (radioactive elements) wavelength from 0.01 nm to 0.0001 nm.

4. Lightning contains gamma rays. Based on the position of gamma rays in the electromagnetic spectrum, does lightning have more or less energy than the sun?

Lightning has less energy than the sun because gamma rays have a longer wavelength.

Lightning has less energy than the sun because gamma rays have a shorter wavelength.

Lightning has more energy than the sun because gamma rays have a shorter wavelength.

Lightning has more energy than the sun because gamma rays have a longer wavelength.

5. Waves have energy that causes particles in matter to vibrate. So, it stands to reason that

the higher the energy, the faster the particles vibrate (which means a higher frequency).

the lower the energy, the faster the particles vibrate (which means a lower frequency).

the higher the energy, the slower the particles vibrate (which means a lower frequency).

the lower the energy, the slower the particles vibrate (which means a higher frequency).