1. Why is Earth said to be in an ice age?

The variation of sunlight reaching Earth is one cause of ice ages. Over thousands of years, the amount of sunshine reaching Earth changes by quite a lot, particularly in the northern latitudes, the area near and around the North Pole.

Explanation:

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"The geological record appears to show that ice ages start when the continents are in positions which block or reduce the flow of warm water from the equator to the poles and thus allow ice sheets to form. The ice sheets increase Earth's reflectivity and thus reduce the absorption of solar radiation."

Explanation:

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a is the correct answer