Draw a labelled diagram of simple distillation and fractional distillation.

Fractional distillation is the process used to separate a mixture of miscible liquids whose boiling points differ by less than 25°.

The experimental setup is similar to that of distillation except for a fractionating column which is filled with glass beads.

In this method, the mixture is heated using a burner, and both the liquids most likely enter the vapour state. The vapours hit the glass beads in the column and tend to condense. Out of the two vapours. the vapour component which is less volatile cools faster than the other and returns to liquid state

Explanation:

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the old alchemists made significant contributions to science even though there starting premises were off a bit. their conclusions after failure would steer them into better directions for investigation. science is no more than close observation and the initial mistakes result in rethinking and retrying experiments.