3. In an ecosystem where the "whale pump" process occurs, which change would most likely increase the amount of nutrients recycled into shallower ocean depths?
A. Introducing more fish into the ecosystem to increase the fish population,
B. Improving whaling efforts to decrease the whale population.
C. Removing phytoplankton from shallow ocean depths to decrease the amount of
phytoplankton.
D. Making whales a protected species to increase the whale population

answer : (a) volume of the gas = 8.67 ×   l

                (b) second virial coefficient b = -1.21226 l/mole

solution :   given,     t = 300k

                                p = 20atm

                                z = 0.86

                                n = 8.2 mmoles = 8.2 × moles

                                r =   0.082 l atm/k/mol

        find,     (a) volume of gas   and (b) second virial coefficient b at 300k.

formula used :            

                          and            

(a)            

                    = \times 0.082\times 300}{20}[/tex]

                    = 8.67 ×   l

(b)      

                    = (0.00867-1) × 8.659

                    = - 8.5839 l/mole