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The atomic radius of sodium is 186 pm and of chlorine is 100 pm. the ionic radius for na+ is 102 pm and for cl– is 181 pm. in going from na to cl in period 3, why does the atomic radius decrease while the ionic radius increases? a. the inner electrons in the sodium cation shield its valence electrons more effectively than the inner electrons in the chloride anion do. b. the inner electrons shield the valence electrons more effectively in the chlorine atom than in the chloride anion. c. the outermost electrons in chloride experience a smaller effective nuclear charge than those in the sodium cation do. d. the outermost electrons in chloride experience a larger effective nuclear charge than those in the sodium cation do. e. monatomic ions are bigger than the atoms from which they are formed.

Asample of ammonia reacts with oxygen as shown. 4nh3(g) + 5o2(g) 4no(g) + 6h2o(g) what is the limiting reactant if 4.0 g of nh3 react with 8.0 g of oxygen? o2 because it produces only 0.20 mol of no. nh3 because it produces only 0.20 mol of no. o2 because it produces two times less no than nh3. nh3 because it produces three times more no than o2.

Which is a characteristic of the electron sea model for metallic bonding? molecular orbitals overlap to produce bands. electrons flow easily between metal nuclei. electrons are in fixed positions in the orbitals. atomic nuclei are arranged in an irregular pattern.