• The Bohr models of Na, Mg, and Al are shown above-each with 3 energy levels. If these atoms lost their valence electrons, they each
would be left with two energy levels, with 8 valence electrons, and
the charges would be as follows:
and

Astudent is given a sample of a blue copper sulfate hydrate. he weighs the sample in a dry covered porcelain crucible and got a mass of 23.875 g for the crucible, lid, and sample. the mass of the empty crucible and lid was found earlier to be 22.652 g. he then heats the crucible to expel the water of hydration, keeping the crucible at red heat for 10 minutes with the lid slightly ajar. on colling, he finds the mass of crucible, lid, and contents to be 23.403 g. the sample was changed in the process to very light clue anhydrous cuso4. if there are again 100.0 g of hydrate, how many grams of cuso4 are in it? how many moles of cuso4? (hint: molar mass of cuso4 = 159.6 g / mole. what per cent of the hydrate is cuso4? you may convert the mass of cuso4 to moles.)

How does the viscosity of magma change as magma cools?

Describe at least two advantages and two disadvantages of using hydropower as a source of energy.