How many valence electrons does the following element have? 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1

Iknow the answer is a but i don't know why

In a copper wire, a temperature increase is the result of which of the following

Imagine one batch of soup (batch “a”) is made with 8.19 g/can of salt, according to the recipe, and a second batch of soup (batch “b”) is made with 8.32 g/can of salt. explain which batch would be more resistant to frost damage if it is shipped a great distance in winter and explain why.