Discuss the nature of the bonding in the nitrate ion ( ) NO32 .Draw the possible Lewis resonance diagrams for this ion. Use the VSEPR theory to determine the steric number, thehybridization of the central N atom, and the geometry ofthe ion. Show how the use of resonance structures can beavoided by introducing a de-localized p MO. What bondorder is predicted by the MO model for the NUO bondsin the nitrate ion

Four electrons are bounded by eight electrons

and the bond order = 4/3

Explanation:

The molecular ion has 24 valence electrons and The SN of N in the central of the structure is = 3 according to VSEPR Theory. and  this depicts trigonal planar geometry about the central nitrogen also this corresponds to sp^2 hybridization of the valence orbital of the atom N.

The 6 valence electrons are shared between N and O's, while the 2p orbital of Nitrogen will combine with the 2p orbital on each oxygen atoms in order to form four (4) π molecular orbitals. the binding orbital is occupied by a pair of electrons. Four electrons are bounded by eight electrons

and the bond order = 4/3

Attached below is the Lewis structure and resonance structures of the ion ( NO^- 3 )

explanation:

metals have excess of electrons whereas non-metals have deficiency of electrons. thus, in order to gain stability metals easily donate their electrons to the non-metals.

for example, electronic configuration of sodium is and electronic configuration of phosphorous is .

when a phosphorous atom and sodium atom combine together then sodium will donate is extra one electron to the phosphorous atom. as a result there will be formation of ionic bond between sodium and phosphorous.

the reaction will be as follows.

there, are three sodium sodium atoms and each of them will donate its one extra electron to phosphorous atom. thus, the sub-shell of phosphorous gets completely filled.  

thus, we can conclude that electrons are transferred from atoms of sodium to atoms of phosphorous. this transfer makes the sodium atoms donate one electron and the phosphorous atoms to gain one electron. as a result, the sodium and phosphorus atoms strongly attract each other.

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