Need answer asap ty in advance ​

In which environment would primary succession occur? a forest with a few remaining trees after a recent wildfire an area of exposed rock after a glacier melts away beach that is exposed to the air at low tide an abandoned baseball field in a small town

Substance a is a nonpolar liquid and has only dispersion forces among its constituent particles. substance b is also a nonpolar liquid and has about the same magnitude of dispersion forces among its constituent particles. when substance a and b are combined, they spontaneously mix.

If c + di is a point on the circle, then | c + di |=