The upper part of the mantle is
Hard
OR
Soft

Hard

Explanation:

The upper part of the mantle is hard as it contains thick rock layers. The mantle's upper layer and the crust make up a brittle and rigid rock that's referred to as the Lithosphere.

The upper mantle starts below the Earth crust and then stops at the start of the lower mantle. We should note that the upper mantle results in the movement of the tectonic plates.

1. for the first question, we must find the mass of the anhydrous salt, mgso₄. the molar mass for mgso₄·7h₂o is 246.47 g/mol, while that of mgso₄ is 120.37 g/mol.7.834 g mgso₄·7h₂o * 1 mol mgso₄·7h₂o/246.47 g * 1 mol mgso₄/1 mol mgso₄·7h₂o * 20.37 g mgso₄/mol = 0.647 g mgso₄

2. mass of water = mass of sample - mass of anhydrous salemass of water = 7.834 - 0.647 = 7.19 gpercent water in hydrate = 7.19/7.834 * 100 = 91.74%