Calculate the pH of a solution prepared by dissolving 1.60 g of sodium acetate, CH3COONa, in 50.0 mL of 0.10 M acetic acid, CH3COOH(aq). Assume the volume change upon dissolving the sodium acetate is negligible. Ka of CH3COOH is 1.75 x 10^-5. ​

pH = 5.35

Explanation:

Given 1.60 grams sodium acetate (NaOAc(aq))*** added to 50ml of 0.10M acetic acid (HOAc(aq)) solution.

Applying common ion effect keeping in mind that the addition of NaOAc provides the common-ion (OAc⁻).

      HOAc(aq) ⇄          H⁺(aq)            +                 OAc⁻(aq)

 I      0.10m          1.32 x 10⁻³M ≈ ∅M*     (1.6g/82.03g/mol) / 0.050L = 0.39M

 C       -x                         +x                                0.39M + x ≈ 0.39M**

 E    0.10M - x                  x                                    0.39M

       ≈ 0.10M

Ka = [H⁺][OAC⁻]/[HOAC] => [H⁺] = Ka·[HOAc] / [OAc⁻]

[H⁺] = (1.75 X 10⁻⁵)(0.10) / (0.39) = 4.5 x 10⁻⁶M

∴ pH = -log[H⁺] = -log(4.5 x 10⁻⁶) = -(-5.35) = 5.35

* [H⁺] before adding NaOAc = SqrRt(Ka · [HOAc]) = SqrRt(1.75 x 10⁻⁵· 0.10) = 1.32 x 10⁻³M. Since this concentration value is so small, the initial [H⁺] is assumed to be zero molar (∅M).

** The added [H⁺] is negligible and dropped in the ICE table. That is, adding ~[H⁺] in the order of 10⁻³M does not change the H⁺ ion concentration sufficiently to affect problem outcome and is therefore dropped in the ICE table.

*** Acetic Acid and Sodium Acetate are frequently written HOAc and NaOAc where the OAc⁻ anion is the acetate ion (CH₃COO⁻) for brevity.

when—without warning—something provokes your anger, you may struggle not to succumb to it. since what typically makes you mad is feeling powerless in the face of what seems unfair, your anger is mostly an attempt at a “quick fix” to right the balance. it’s as though you’re raising a fist in protest, proclaiming that you’re not going to capitulate to such injustice.

there are, however, a multitude of problems related to this immediate, push-back reaction of anger. and probably the key one is that almost never does it resolve the issue that gave rise to it. such reactive anger is probably best understood as self-defeating. as david burns, the author of the seminal self- book feeling good, observes: if realistically, acting on your anger is to make any sense, it needs to meet two criteria—which, in almost every case, is frankly impossible. that is, your anger must:

be directed toward a person who has intentionally (and needlessly) behaved in a hurtful way toward you; and

be beneficial or advantageous to you (i.e., assist you in achieving a desired goal).

i think you’ll agree that only rarely can you claim that your anger is both warranted and , whether to yourself or the relationship.

so let me offer you a two-step alternative to abandoning your better judgment and giving in to the temptation of anger—one that should neutralize your anger in seconds. or, when you’re really angry, in minutes.

but keep in mind that you must really want to execute these steps, be sufficiently motivated to perform them. which means overcoming more unconscious resistance than you might ever have imagined. because there are many immediate “advantages” of anger that can interfere with your resolve, i’ll suggest a few of them that might interfere with your employing this powerful method to rid yourself of counter-productive anger.

explanation:

um i think it might be a car?