The relative ionic or covalent character of chemical bonds may be estimated by: (select all that apply.)
-the total number of electrons for each element
-the addition of electronegativities
-comparison of the associated families to which the elements belong
-the difference in electronegativities

Explanation:

An ionic bond is defined as the bond formed because of transfer of electrons from one atom to another. On the other hand, a covalent bond is the bond formed because of sharing of electrons from one atom to another.

So, basically electrons play an important role in the formation of ionic or covalent bonds.

Also, when there is difference in electronegativity of combining atoms then a partial positive charge develops on the metal atom and a partial negative charge develops on non-metal atom.

For example, LiCl compound is ionic and due to difference in electronegativities of Li and Cl atoms they have partial charges as and .

Thus, we can conclude that the relative ionic or covalent character of chemical bonds may be estimated by:

b. is the answer hoped i