Which instrument is most often used to measure acid volume before a titration begins?
a burette
a beaker
a volumetric pipette
an erlenmeyer flask

Answer : The correct option is, a volumetric pipette

Explanation :

Volumetric pipettes : It is a type of instrument that are used in volumetric analysis. It is used for the exact smaller volume of a sample solution  or a reagent.

In the volumetric pipette, the upper part of the pipette has a ring like mark that marks its calibrated volume.

Burette : It is used in the titration for the known concentration of the solution.

Beaker : It is not used in the titration because it is not accurate for the measurement.

Erlenmeyer flask : It is a conical flask which is also used in the titration.

Hence, a volumetric pipette instrument is most often used to measure acid volume before a titration begins.

answer: option (b) is the correct answer.

explanation:

a covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons. whereas polarity arises due to difference in electronegativity of two atoms.

therefore, more is the electronegativity of an atom which combines with the titanium, more readily it will induce a partial positive and negative charge.

thus, out of the given options fluorine is most electronegative and has an incomplete octet. therefore, it will readily combine with titanium to share the electrons and complete its octet.