Consider four elements from group 7a: fluorine in the second period, chlorine in the third period, bromine in the fourth period, and iodine in the fifth period. which element has the largest first ionization energy?

)benzene and toluene form nearly ideal solutions. consider an equimolar solution of benzene and toluene. at 20 °c the vapour pressures of pure benzene and toluene are 9.9 kpa and 2.9 kpa, respectively. the solution is boiled by reducing the external pressure below the vapour pressure. calculate (i) the pressure when boiling begins, (ii) the composition of each component in the vapour, and (iii) the vapour pressure when only a few drops of liquid remain. assume that the rate of vaporization is low enough for the temperature to remain constant at 20 °c.

How much carbon is stored in the atmosphere as co2

Which polymers are most closely related? a. protein and nucleic acids b. cellulose and starch c. nucleic acids and starch d. nucleic acids and cellulose