Which of the following elements would most likely become a positive ion when forming a chemical bond?
a. sulfur
b. helium
c. carbon
d. calcium

correct option will D.

Explanation:

Calcium belongs to the group 2 i.e. of alkaline earth metals in periodic table. electronic configuration of calcium is .

So in order to attain noble gas configuration calcium will loose its two electrons during chemical bond formation.

Sulfur is a non metal which forms negatively charged ion so as to complete ts octet during chemical bond formation.

Helium is a noble gas with fully filled electronic configuration.

Carbon forms bond which is covalent in nature.

vanderwaal's forces of attraction are the electrostatic intermolecular forces that exist in a molecule due to the temporary or permanent dipoles that are developed in a molecule. in , the major intermolecular forces are dipole-dipole interactions as the molecule is polar (bent structure). so the vanderwaal's forces of interaction in between molecules are the permanent dipole-dipole interactions that develop due to the dipole that exists in between the polar h - s bond. the positively charged hydrogen atom is attracted towards the negative end of the dipole that is sulfur of the adjacent molecule. therefore, these forces of attraction are relatively stronger than that of london dispersion forces that exist in non polar molecules.

answermeridional ;