You have a cup of hot water and you dissolve as much salt in it as possible. you then put the cup into the refrigerator and you check it again after 24 hours. what would you notice when you checked the cup after 24 hours in the refrigerator? none of the salt would settle out of the water. some of the salt would settle out of the water. all of the salt would settle out of the water. the salt water would have changed colors.

Some of the salt would settle out of the water.

Explanation:

This is an example of a supersaturated solution.

In this example, the salt is the analyte, and the water is the solvent.

When you mix the salt into the water in an ambient temperature there is a point where you can't solve more salt, because the amount of water isn't able to solubilize any more quantity of analyte. This is named supersaturation point.

If you expose the mix to the heat, the energy supply to the solution make that the excess of salt can be solubilized, but this effect only last until the heat still going on.

So when you put the solution into the refrigerator, the quick down of the heat makes that the excess of salt settles out of the water.

And all this process occurs because the solution always wants to reach the equilibrium between the analyte and the solvent.

explanation:

metals have excess of electrons whereas non-metals have deficiency of electrons. thus, in order to gain stability metals easily donate their electrons to the non-metals.

for example, electronic configuration of sodium is and electronic configuration of phosphorous is .

when a phosphorous atom and sodium atom combine together then sodium will donate is extra one electron to the phosphorous atom. as a result there will be formation of ionic bond between sodium and phosphorous.

the reaction will be as follows.

there, are three sodium sodium atoms and each of them will donate its one extra electron to phosphorous atom. thus, the sub-shell of phosphorous gets completely filled.  

thus, we can conclude that electrons are transferred from atoms of sodium to atoms of phosphorous. this transfer makes the sodium atoms donate one electron and the phosphorous atoms to gain one electron. as a result, the sodium and phosphorus atoms strongly attract each other.

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