Atoms of elements at the top of a group on the periodic table are smaller than the atoms of elements at the bottom of the group. how does this explain the difference in the reactivity of metals within a group? the valence electrons of the larger atoms are farther from the nucleus and are easier to remove, so the metals near the top are more reactive than those at the bottom. the valence electrons of the larger atoms are farther from the nucleus and are harder to remove, so the metals near the bottom are more reactive than those at the top. the valence electrons of the larger atoms are farther from the nucleus and are harder to remove, so the metals near the top are more reactive than those at the bottom. the valence electrons of the larger atoms are farther from the nucleus and are easier to remove, so the metals near the bottom are more reactive than those at the top.

the correct answer would be d. The valence electrons of the larger atoms are farther from the nucleus and are easier to remove, so the metals near the bottom are more reactive than those at the top.

Explanation:

took the quiz on e2020

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the density(ratio between mass and volume as m/v) decreases from top to bottom in periodic table group as the size increases and nuclear charge decreases. but in periods density increases from left to right as atom size decreases and nuclear charge increases.

the best answer is d because the strong cohesion is caused by the ability of water molecules to undergo hydrogen bonding.

a is incorrect because when water solidifies, it becomes   ice, which expands and occupies a bigger volume for the same mass of water in its liquid state.

b is incorrect because water has high surface tension. besides bonding to itself it hydrogen bonds to other molecules at the top decreasing possibility for breaking of attractive forces.

c is incorrect because the water molecule has oxygen which is highly electronegative and so pulls the electron pair towards itself creating a dipole moment, making the molecule polar.

e is incorrect because water has strong adhesion, ability to stick to other molecules such as glass because of this molecules having stronger hydrogen bonding than water.