Latanya brown is a nine-year old african american who is hospitalized with acute sickle cell crisis. the pharmacist is preparing intravenous fluids for this patient. she adds 2 grams of potassium chloride to 1 l of d5w/1/2 normal saline. what is the estimated osmolarity per liter (mosm/l) of this solution assuming the final volume is 1 l (mw of sodium

Potassium Chloride = KCl

KCl has a molar mass of: 39.0983g+35.4530g=74.5513g

The number of moles of KCL we are adding is: 2g/(74.5513g/mol) = 0.02683 mol

But you have to keep in mind that salts in water dissociate:

KCl -> K+ + Cl-

So 1 mole KCl is 2 osmoles (because it’s two particles)

So if you add 0.02683 moles, you are adding 0.02683*2 = 0.05366 osmoles. If you dissolve them in 1 liter, you have a solution 0.05366 OsM = 53.66 mOsM

D5W = dextrose 260 mOsM

1/2 Normal Saline = has half of the normal saline concentration - a normal saline solution has the same sodium chloride concentration as blood serum = 154 mOsm

You have to sum up all the osmolarities:

=  53.66 mOsM + 154 mOsM + 260 mOsM = 467.66 mOsM

answer

i think the answer is a) as air pressure in an area increases, the density of the gas particles in that area decreases.

hope it

vanderwaal's forces of attraction are the electrostatic intermolecular forces that exist in a molecule due to the temporary or permanent dipoles that are developed in a molecule. in , the major intermolecular forces are dipole-dipole interactions as the molecule is polar (bent structure). so the vanderwaal's forces of interaction in between molecules are the permanent dipole-dipole interactions that develop due to the dipole that exists in between the polar h - s bond. the positively charged hydrogen atom is attracted towards the negative end of the dipole that is sulfur of the adjacent molecule. therefore, these forces of attraction are relatively stronger than that of london dispersion forces that exist in non polar molecules.