Butane, c4h10, is a component of natural gas that is used as fuel for cigarette lighters. the balanced equation of the complete combustion of butane is 2c4h10(g)+13o2(g)? 8co2(g)+10h2o(l) at 1.00 atm and 23 ? c, what is the volume of carbon dioxide formed by the combustion of 3.20 g of butane?

Molar mass of butane = 12g/mol*4+1g/mol*10=58g/mol

Mass of 2 moles of butane=2mol*58g/mol=116g

2c4h10(g)+13o2(g)->8co2(g)+10h2o(l)

116g                        8 moles

3.20g                           x

 

116g butane/8moles CO2=3.20g butane/x

x=3.20g butane*8moles CO2/116g butane=0.2207moles CO2

T=23°C=296K

PV=nRT

V=nRT/P=0.2207moles*0.082(atm*dm³/(K/mol))*296K/(1atm)=5.36dm³

  remember that hf is only the energy of one photon. not two. not three. one.  1) 5.12 * 10^3 photons  find the energy of one photon, then determine how many photons are needed to reach the sensitivity.  e = hf  = (6.626 * 10^-34 js)(5.95 * 10^19 hz)  = 3.94247 * 10^-14 j per photon  (2.02 * 10^-10 j) / (3.94247 * 10^-14 j/photon) = 5123.69149 photons  round to three sig figs.  2) 5.77 * 10^-17 j  energy of pulse = energy per photon * number of photons  = hfn  = (6.626 * 10^-34 js)(1.66 * 10^13 hz)(5250)  = 5.774559 * 10^-17 j  round to three sig figs.  3) 4.07 * 10^8 kj/mol  10^12 pm = 1 m  c = fλ  f = c/λ  e = hf  = hc/λ  = [(6.626 * 10^-34 js)(3.00 * 10^8 m/s) / (2.94 * 10^-12 m)](1 kj/1000 j)(6.02 * 10^23 photons/mol)  = 40702571.4 kj/mol  round to three sig figs.  4) 9.94 * 10^-1 m  e = hc/λ  λ = hc / e  = (6.626 * 10^-34 js)(3.00 * 10^8 m/s) / (2.00 * 10^-25 j)  = 0.9939 m  round to three sig figs.  5) 9.06 * 10^3 photons  energy of pulse = energy per photon * number of photons  number of photons = energy of pulse / energy per photon  = energy of pulse / (hf)  = (3.87 * 10^-13 j) / [(6.626 * 10^-34 js)(6.45 * 10^16 hz)]  = 9055.23695 photons  round to three sig figs.  6) 2.78 * 10^-15 j  this is problem 1, except in reverse.  sensitivity = minumum number of photons * energy per photon  = (5930)(6.626 * 10^-34 js)(7.077 * 10^14 hz)  = 2.78070758 × 10^-15 j  round to three sig figs.