Chemistry, 23.09.2019 14:30 jabezslade22

What is the electron configuration of the element located in the fourth row of the periodic table in group 5a?

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The electronic configuration of the element located in the fourth row of group 5A is $\boxed{\left[ {{\text{Ar}}}\right]3{d^{10}}4{s^2}4{p^3}}$ .

Further explanation:

The electronic configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in the atomic orbitals. There are two states for an electron: ground as well as the excited state. The configuration of the atom in the lowest possible energy levels is called the ground-state electronic configuration. When an electron jumps from the stable ground state to some higher level, that state is called the excited state, and the electronic configuration corresponding to this state is known as the excited-state half-filled configuration.

The filling of electrons in different energy levels or orbitals is done in accordance with the following three rules.

1. Aufbau principle: The principle states that the electrons are filled in various orbitals in the increasing order of their energies as follows:

2. Hund’s rule: Electron pairing will not start until each orbital is singly occupied.

3. Pauli’s exclusion principle: According to this principle, all the four quantum numbers $\left({n,\;l,\;{m_l},\;{m_s}}\right)$ for any two electrons can never be the same. In an orbital, the spin of two electrons has to be different. If one electron has the clockwise spin, the other would have the anticlockwise spin and vice-versa.

Group 5A belongs to the pnictogen family. It includes elements like nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), bismuth (Bi). The general electronic configuration of this group is . The element that is present in the fourth row of this group is $n{s^2}n{p^3}$ arsenic (As), and its electronic configuration is $\left[{{\text{Ar}}}\right]3{d^{10}}4{s^2}4{p^3}$ .

Learn more:

1. Determine the ion with configuration $\left[{{\text{Ar}}}\right]\;3{d^2}$ :

2. Identification of element which has electron configuration $1{s^2}2{s^2}2{p^2}3{s^1}$ :

Answer details:

Grade: High School

Subject: Chemistry

Chapter: Electronic configuration of the elements

Keywords: 5A, arsenic, pnictogen, nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, N, P, As, Sb, Bi, ns2np3, aufbau principle, Hund’s rule, Pauli’s exclusion principle, electronic configuration, distribution of electrons.

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