In a voltaic cell, chemical energy is converted to
(1) electrical energy, spontaneously
(2) electrical energy, nonspontaneously
(3) nuclear energy, spontaneously
(4) nuclear energy, nonspontaneously

(1) electrical energy, spontaneously

Explanation:

Voltaic cells or galvanic cells are electrochemical systems in which electrical energy is produced through spontaneous chemical reactions. Redox (reduction-oxidation reactions) processes forms the basis of voltaic cells.

Oxidation which involves loss of electrons takes place at the anode. These electrons move to the positive cathode where reduction or the gain of electrons takes place. The movement of electrons from the anode to the cathode generates electrical energy. Thus, chemical is spontaneously converted to electrical energy.

when [oh-] is 10-5  m, and [h3o+] is 10-9  m, the poh is 5 and ph is 9. again in both cases the sum of ph and poh is 14. however, the hydrogen ion concentration is not always going to be equal to exactly 1 x 10 raised to a negative number. for example, we skipped over the value of 2.0 x 10-7.

answer: the value of enthalpy change will be -152.80 kj.

solution:

pressure = 1atm , temperature = = 298 k

given that pressure and temperature are same in both gases , the number of moles of both gases can be determined by the ideal gas equation.

according to reaction 3 moles no are reacting with 1 mol of ,then 0.49 mol of no will react with moles of ozone that is 0.16 moles of ozone. since, no is limiting reagent and is an excessive reagent.

enthalpy change for the reaction between the given volumes of the gases is :