We identify nucleic acid strand orientation on the basis of important chemical functional groups. these are the group attached to the 5' carbon atom of the sugar portion of a nucleotide and the group attached to the carbon atom.

The nucleic acid strand orientation identified on the basis of important chemical functional groups. These are the:
The Phosphate group attached to the 5' carbon atom of the sugar portion of a nucleotide and 
and the free hydroxyl group that is (-OH) is attached to the 3' carbon atom.
There is also nitrogenous base which is attached to the 1' carbon atom.

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