Why must a specific temperature be stated when working with gas data? Pls no links

Which of the following observations indicates that there is a small, dense, positively charged part in the center of an atom? some uncharged particles are scattered by a gold foil. all uncharged particles are attracted towards a gold foil. all positively charged particles pass straight through a gold foil. some positively charged particles bounce back from a gold foil.

Acompound has a molecular weight of 12.124 atomic mass units and the empirical formula c3h40. what is the molecular formula of the compound?

How many liters of ethylene glycol antifreeze (c2h6o2), with a density of 1.100 g/l, would you add to your car radiator containing 15.0 kg of water if you needed to protect your engine to - 21.5°c? for water, kf = 1.86°c m -1.