Rita determined the experimental van 't Hoff factor, i, for KCl to be 1.9 which is less than the theoretical value of 2. Select the option that best explains the difference between the theoretical and experimental i. a) The difference is due to the ion-pairing effect which effectively reduces the number of solute particles present in the solution. b) The difference is due to the ion-pairing effect which effectively increases the number of solute particles present in the solution correct amount of KCl that will give better agreement between the experimental and theoretical results. c) Rita did not freeze the entire sample.

The difference is due to the ion-pairing effect which effectively reduces the number of solute particles present in the solution.

Explanation:

Colligative properties are those properties that depend on the amount of solute present. Such properties include; boiling point elevation, freezing point depression etc.

Ion pairing causes the Van't Hoff factor to deviate from whole numbers. Ion pairing effect generally reduces the number of solute particles in solution thereby decreasing the experimental value of the Van't Hoff factor (i).

Hence, the reason why Rita determined the Van't Hoff factor as 1.9 and not the theoretical value of 2 is because of on-pairing effect which effectively reduces the number of solute particles present in the solution.