The water molecule consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom arranged such that the lines joining the center of the O atom with each H atom make an angle of . The distance between the center of each H atom and the center of the O atom is m . Because oxygen is more electronegative, it pulls some amount of each hydrogen's electron density towards itself, which we can approximate as a partial negative charge, , at the center of the oxygen and a partial positive charge, , at the center of the hydrogen. Note that there are two such O-H pairs so the total net charge on the oxygen atom is . We can consider the partial charge separated along each O-H bond to be a dipole. Label the two dipole moments and . The entire molecule has a dipole moment which is the sum of the dipole moments . The magnitude of the total dipole moment is . If is the effective charge on each hydrogen atom, and is the magnitude of the charge of the electron, what is the ratio