The Taj Mahal in Agra is one of the most beautiful monuments on the earth. It was built by the Mughal ruler Shah Jahan in memory of his deceased wife Mumtaz Mahal. It is built entirely of white marble and was declared as a UNESCO world heritage site in 1983. It attracts scores of tourists from all over the world. But now the monument has developed a yellowish tinge (and in some areas ugly brown and black spots) owing to the increased levels of pollution around the area. The main pollutant is Sulphur dioxide released by the industries which later reacted with rainwater decreases the pH level of rainwater. Suspended particulate matter (SPM) was also one of the culprits. Thus, M. C Mehta, an attorney in the supreme court of India and an active environmentalist, filed a writ petition in 1984 mentioning the adverse effects of the industries and vehicles in the area on the Taj Mahal. He sought appropriate directions to be given to the concerned authorities to take immediate steps to stop air pollution in the area and save the Taj. This petition falls under Public Interest Litigation (PIL). a. Explain the effects of the phenomenon mentioned above. b. What are the safety measures to be taken to the control the above-mentioned phenomenon?