What is the source of EXTERNAL energy for Earth's spheres and systems?

How has the scientific community addressed the safety of chemicals? a. chemicals are repeatedly tested, even those that have existed for a long time. b. existing chemicals are tested if they have never been tested before. c. chemicals are tested if they are suspected to have caused a problem. d. only new chemicals are tested.

You encounter a solution that is acidic and you decide to test it by adding a small amount of a strong acid. the ph lowers slightly but is approximately unchanged, and still remains acidic. what can you say about the solution? a. it is a buffer solution. b. it is not a buffer solution it is a strong acid solution. d. the solution has been neutralized. e. the solution has excess acid present

Define dew point. i am writing this part to be able to ask the question