Why are concerns like safety and recycling important in astronomy, even though the research is often not conducted in a traditional lab?

13. calculate the initial concentration (before precipitation) of carbonate ions after the addition of each 0.05 ml of solution b to the 1.00 l beaker of solution a. divide the work among group members and write the answers in the table in model 3. assume the volume change as solution b is added is negligible. 14. notice the initial concentrations of zn2+ - and cu2+ in the table in model 3. a. explain how these were obtained from the data in model 2. b. as solution b is added and precipitates form, do these initial concentrations change? 15. use the data in model 2 to indicate the presence of precipitate (either znco3 or cuco3) after each 0.05 ml addition of solution b in model 3. 16. use the initial concentrations of carbonate ions and zinc ions to calculate the reaction quotient, qsp for the zinc carbonate scenarios in model 3. divide the work among group members and write the answers in the table in model 3. 17. use the initial concentrations of carbonate ion and copper(ii) ions to calculate the qsp for the copper(ii) carbonate scenarios in model 3. divide the work among group members and write the answers in the table in model 3.

Amixture initially contains a, b, and c in the following concentrations: [a] = 0.300 m , [b] = 1.05 m , and [c] = 0.550 m . the following reaction occurs and equilibrium is established: a+2b⇌c at equilibrium, [a] = 0.140 m and [c] = 0.710 m . calculate the value of the equilibrium constant, kc.

State one important difference between a physical change and a chemical change?