Which statement is the best explanation for why two negatively charged balloons move apart without ever touching? 1)Electric charges have electric fields surrounding them that allow them to exert forces on other objects without touching them.

2)Electrons from one balloon jump to the other and push it, without ever touching it.

3)The space between objects is actually filled with charged particles that all interact.

4)Charged objects send little lightning bolts of electrons across the space between the two balloons.

Modern pennies are composed of zinc coated with copper. a student determines the mass of a penny to be 2.482 g and then makes several scratches in the copper coaling (to expose the underlying zinc). the student puts the scratched penny in hydrochloric acid, where the following reaction occurs between the zinc and the hcl (the copper remains undissolved): zn(s) + 2 hcl(aq) → h2(g) + zncl(aq)the student collects the hydrogen produced over water at 25 °c. the collected gas occupies a volume of 0.899 l at a total pressure of 79 j mmhg. calculate the percent zinc (by mass) in the penny. (assume that all the zn in the penny dissolves.)