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1. calculate the approximate enthalpy of the reaction in joules. estimate that 1.0 ml of vinegar has the same thermal mass as 1.0 ml of water. iqnore the thermal mass of th sodium bicarbonate. note: it takes about 4.2 joules () to change 1.0 gram (1.0ml) of water 1.0 c

The atomic radius of sodium is 186 pm and of chlorine is 100 pm. the ionic radius for na+ is 102 pm and for cl– is 181 pm. in going from na to cl in period 3, why does the atomic radius decrease while the ionic radius increases? a. the inner electrons in the sodium cation shield its valence electrons more effectively than the inner electrons in the chloride anion do. b. the inner electrons shield the valence electrons more effectively in the chlorine atom than in the chloride anion. c. the outermost electrons in chloride experience a smaller effective nuclear charge than those in the sodium cation do. d. the outermost electrons in chloride experience a larger effective nuclear charge than those in the sodium cation do. e. monatomic ions are bigger than the atoms from which they are formed.

Which statement is true about hcl? (5 points) select one: a. it is a salt because it increases the concentration of metallic ions. b. it is a salt because it is formed by the reaction of an acid and a base. c. it is an acid because it increases the concentration of hydroxyl ions. d. it is an acid because it increases the concentration of hydronium ions.