1. Explain the difference between genetic, environmental, social, and pathogenic factors. 2. How do pathogens spread?

3. How can we, as humans, prevent transmission of pathogens?

4. List three ways the environment can affect personal health.

Acalorimeter is to be calibrated: 51.203 g of water at 55.2 degree c is added to a calorimeter containing 49.783 g of water at 23.5c. after stirring and waiting for the system to equilibrate, the final temperature reached is 37.6 degree c. specific heat capacity of water (s = 4.18 j/g∙degree c). calculate the calorimeter constant. (smδt)warm water = -[(smδt)cold water + (calorimeterδtcold water)]