when urea crystals are added to liquid water with stirring, the temperature of the resulting solution decreases markedly as the crystals dissolve. determine why this process is spontaneous.

Cause its being chemically applied?

Vander waals forces are inter molecular bonds that exist within molecules of the same substance. a water molecule is made up of oxygen and hydrogen atoms which share electrons between each other. the vander waals forces are forces that exist between multitude of different  molecules of water. dipole dipole forces is the type of vander waals force that exist in water. the oxygen atom which is more electronegative pulls the shared electron closer to itself thus generating a partial negative charge while the hydrogen acquire a partial positive charge. these two different charges causes attraction to occur in water molecules.

First adhesives: hide glue.  which is made by boiling raw hides and bones or fish skins and bladders.other first adhesives: asphalt/tar, pitch/plant sap, and even blood.hope that : )