Carbon dioxide :increased or decreased
why and when

During the day or in spring and summer, plants take up more carbon dioxide through photosynthesis than they release through respiration , and so concentrations of carbon dioxide in the air decrease. Then at night or during autumn and winter, plants reduce or even stop photosynthesising, releasing carbon dioxide back into the air. This is often called the natural carbon cycle.

the answer is b & c i believe : )

the enthalpy of formation of water is given as -285.8kj/mol, which states that the enthalpy of formation is negative.

negative enthalpy of formation indicates that the heat is released during the reaction process. the heat is released from reaction to the surroundings the enthalpy is expressed with a negative sign with the energy given out in the reaction process.

the formation of water takes place by giving out heat which is -285.8 kj/mol.