Temperature measures a. the heat content of a material b. the average kinetic energy of particles in a material c. the pressure exerted on a material d. the acceleration due to gravity exerted on a material

The difference between the atomic number of an element and the element’s atomic mass is the number of ions.

How do scientists think that gravity affected the formation of our solar system?

Modern pennies are composed of zinc coated with copper. a student determines the mass of a penny to be 2.482 g and then makes several scratches in the copper coaling (to expose the underlying zinc). the student puts the scratched penny in hydrochloric acid, where the following reaction occurs between the zinc and the hcl (the copper remains undissolved): zn(s) + 2 hcl(aq) → h2(g) + zncl(aq)the student collects the hydrogen produced over water at 25 °c. the collected gas occupies a volume of 0.899 l at a total pressure of 79 j mmhg. calculate the percent zinc (by mass) in the penny. (assume that all the zn in the penny dissolves.)