What is the connection between the electronic structure of an atom and its position in the periodic table?

What type of reaction fuels the processes seen here?

What’s the theoretical yield of solid lead

Alidded glass container is filled with a colored gas. after a period of time, it is observed that the gas is uniformly spread throughout the box and that the movement has slowed considerably. next, a warm iron plate is carefully placed under the box. why is there resumed movement of the gas in the container?