Atoms form ions by gaining or losing valence electrons to reach a more stable electron configuration with a full valence shell. the electron configuration of the ion is similar to the nearest noble gas to the atom. identify the charge when nitrogen becomes an ion. a) -3 b) -2 c) +1 d) +5 < 3

 A) -3

Explanation:

Ions are formed when an atom looses or gain electrons.

When an atom looses its electron, it results in the formation of a positive ion which is known as cation and when an atom gains electron, it results in the formation of a negative ion known as anion.

Atomic number of nitrogen is 7 and thus has 7 electrons.

Electronic configuration of nitrogen:

In order to achieve nearest noble gas configuration of neon , it must gain 3 electrons. is formed by gain of 3 electrons and thus has 10 electrons.

Thus nitrogen gains 3- charge when electron configuration of the ion is similar to the nearest noble gas to the atom.

6.4 cm (max) - 25 cm (min)

c. orbital shape i hope this is correct