Classify the sentences based on the chemical reactions they describe. synthesis decomposition replacement 1.when a clam shell (caco3) is heated, carbon dioxide (co2) is given off and a white powder, calcium oxide (cao), forms. 2.'nitrogen pentoxide (n2o5) is an unstable gas that changes to nitrogen dioxide (no2) and oxygen (o2) at room temperature. 3.sodium (na) reacts with chlorine (cl) to give sodium chloride (nacl). 4.zinc (zn) metal reacts with copper sulfate (cu2so4) to give zinc sulfate (znso4) and copper (cu). 5.a strip of magnesium (mg) burns brightly in oxygen (o2) to form a white powder, magnesium oxide (mgo). 6.on heating iron ore (fe2o3) with carbon (c), we get iron (fe) and carbon dioxide (co2).

most historians agree that gabriel mouton, the vicar of st. paul’s church in lyons, france, is the “founding father” of the metric system. he proposed a decimal system of measurement in 1670. mouton based it on the length of one minute of arc of a great circle of the earth (now called a nautical mile, 1852 meters). he also proposed the swing-length of a pendulum with a frequency of one beat per second as the unit of length (about 25 cm). a pendulum beating with this length would have been fairly easy to produce, thus facilitating the widespread distribution of uniform standards. over the years, his work was revised, improved, and extended by a number of french scientists.

the political sponsor of weights and measures reform in the french revolutionary national assembly was the bishop of autun, better known as talleyrand. under his auspices, the french academy appointed several committees to carry out the work of developing a usable system of weights and measures for france. one of the committees recommended a decimalized measurement system based upon a length equal to one ten-millionth of the length of a quadrant of the earth’s meridian (i.e., one ten-millionth of the distance between the equator and the north pole).