Two liquids, 1 and 2, are in equilibrium in a u-tube that is open at both ends. the liquids do not mix, and liquid 1 rests on top of liquid 2. what is the ratio ρ1/ρ2 of the densities?

answer is: c. the experiment shows that the red substance experienced a chemical change.

this is chemical change (chemical reaction), because two new substances are formed (metalig liquid and gas), the atoms are rearranged and the reaction is followed by an energy change.

this is example of chemical decomposition.

chemical decomposition (analysis) is the separation of a single chemical compound into its two or more elemental parts or to simpler compounds.  

chemical decomposition is opposite of chemical synthesis.