Which elements properties form the basis for all life?

The properties of carbon forms the basis for all life.

Explanation:

The atoms of carbon are found in the molecules of all living species. Carbon is one of the essential components of the compounds of various organic complex molecules and exhibits a unique tendency to produce polymers. Due to its tetravalent characteristics, that is, exhibiting the tendency to form four covalent chemical bonds, the carbon forms bonds with various other elements like hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen that allows them to function as a common element of all the life known.

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explanation:

covalent bonds

consist of pairs of electrons shared by two atoms, and bind the atoms to fixed orientation and requre high energies to break them

ionic bonds

when two atoms differ considerably in their electronegativity, then one of the atoms will lose its electron to the other atom. this results in a positively charged ion(cation) and a negatively charged ion (anion)