Consider the elgamal scheme (described in section 10.2) with q = 11 and α = 6. a has a private key xa = 2 and public key ya = 3.

(a) b choses the random integer k = 3, and the plaintext b wants to encrypt is m = 6. show what will be calculations done by b to get the value of the ciphertext c1, c2.

(b) show what will be calculations done by a to recover the plaintext m from c1, c2. note that you first need to figure out what is the value of k.

In this lab, you complete a python program that calculates an employee's annual bonus. input is an employee's first name, last name, salary, and numeric performance rating. if the rating is 1, 2, or 3, the bonus rate used is .25, .15, or .1 respectively. if the rating is 4 or higher, the rate is 0. the employee bonus is calculated by multiplying the bonus rate by the annual salary.

Hazel has just finished adding pictures to her holiday newsletter. she decides to crop an image. what is cropping an image?

Formatting rows and columns is similar to cell formatting. in an openoffice calc spreadsheet, you can format data entered into rows and columns with the of the rows and columns options. you can insert rows and columns into, or delete rows and columns from, a spreadsheet. use the insert or delete rows and columns option on the insert tab. alternatively, select the row or column where you want new rows or columns to appear, right-click, and select insert only row or only column options. you can hide or show rows and columns in a spreadsheet. use the hide or show option on the format tab. for example, to hide a row, first select the row, then choose the insert tab, then select the row option, and then select hide. alternatively, you can select the row or columns, right-click, and select the hide or show option. you can adjust the height of rows and width of columns. select row and then select the height option on the format tab. similarly, select column, then select the width option on the format tab. alternatively, you can hold the mouse on the row and column divider, and drag the double arrow to the position. you can also use the autofit option on the table tab to resize rows and columns.