In the soundbyte, the magic gradient pen has an algorithm which listens for and then changes the gradient coloring of the background.

It listens for sound intensity

Explanation:

It listens for the sound intensity and loudness. As the intensity varies the background color changes as well.

the answer to your question would be something called hertz. the unit of measurement called a hertz, which is one cycle per second, is used to measure clock speed. within one cycle, your computer processes, refreshes, or updates itself to the changes that it is going through. in the case of computer clock speed, one hertz equals one tick per second. the clock speed of computers is usually measured in megahertz (mhz) or gigahertz (ghz)