Design a 128KB direct-mapped data cache that uses a 32-bit address and 16 bytes per block. The design consists of two components: (1) The 32-bit memory address is subdivided into several sections in bits so that each address can map to its cache location (2) The cache itself including the cache storage and other necessary bits in each cache line. Explain your design.

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Explanation:

The cache contain 8K number of blocks.each block has 16 Byte worth of data. Each of these bytes are addressable by block offset. Now, each of these blocks are addressable and their address is provided by line offset or set offset. If block number is given in Decimal format then the block to which that block will be mapped is given by expression

mappedToBlock = (bNumber)mod213

TAG and valid but consititues something called cache controller. TAG holds the physical address information because the TAG in physical address get divided into TAG and line offset in cache address. Valid bit tells status of blocks. If it is 1 then data blocks are referred by CPI else not.

Through the process of sedimentation,sediment is turned back to rock to form sedimentation.the process of sedimentation is: > deposition-where fragments were deposited into the river or sea under gravity or travelling agent such as wind or water. > sedimentation-the fragments deposited in the river sedimented and accumulate> compaction-the layers of fragments deposited undergoes compaction due to the weight if the upper layers> cementation-chemical substance of the fragments such as cement dissolved into the water and cement the other fragments together to form sedimentary rock.thus,cementation and compaction are the process.on the other hand, transformation only occur when a rock under goes metamorphism(compaction or extreme heat).while recrystillization occurs when a rock is melted and cooled down,which also requires metamorphism to take place.hope it !

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