23. For the 16-bit binary number 1001 0101 1100 0011, show the effect of: a. A right shift of 4 bits with zero fill. b. A right shift of 4 bits with sign extension. c. A left shift of 4 bits. d. A left rotate of 4 bits. e. A right rotate of 4 bits.

a) 0000 1001 0101 1100 b) 1111 1001 0101 1100 c) 0101 1100 0011 0000 d) 0101 1100 0011 1001 e) 0011 1001 0101 1100

Explanation:

a) in right shift of four bits, the four least significant bits on right are discarded and then the entire bit pattern is shifted to right side  . The left most significant bits are filled with zeros in case of zero fill.

b) in right shift of four bits, the four least significant bits on right are discarded and the entire bit pattern is shifted to right side. . The left most significant bits are filled with ones in sign extension.

c) in left shift of four bits, the four most significant bits on left are discarded and the entire bit pattern is shifted to left side.  The left most significant bits are filled with zeros in case of zero fill

d) In left rotate, the four most significant bits become four least significant bits of the bit pattern

e) In right rotate, the four least significant bits on right become four most significant bits of the bit pattern

what? ? i don't get it