Use Inheritance and Polymorphism concepts to create a class named Animal with three derived classes. Each Animal has different characteristics and act different. Create a class that will show these differences by creating objects of type Animal, Dog, Cat and Bird.

Create a base class named Animal with three derived classes named
Gorilla,
Fish, and
Bird.
Create a derived class named Penguin whose base class is Bird.
Create constructors for each class.
Create destructors for each class.
All classes will have the following private instance fields, including Animal
legs that will initialize to 0
boolean swim that will initialize to false;
All classes will have the following polymorphic methods, including Animal
getLegs( ) – this returns the number of legs the animal has
makeSount( ) – this outputs the type of sound the animal makes
canSwim( ) - this will return true or false
makeSound( ) method will be a virtual function in the Animal class
Create an exception in the getLegs( ) method that makes sure the number of legs are valid
Create a main method to demonstrate the all functions including the following with appropriate output

Animal animal;
animal. makeSound();
Dog dog
dog. makeSound();
cout << dog. getLegs();
Animal badDog = Dog();
badDog. makeSound();
cout << badDog. getLegs();
Animal* goodDog = new Dog();
goodDog->makeSound();
cout << goodDog->getLegs;

Computer security/cybersecurity1) each of the following code fragments contains a number of security vulnerabilities. for each fragment, identify these security vulnerabilities and, for each vulnerability, discuss at least one way that it could be improved. note that in your discussion of how each vulnerability could be improved, you do not need to re-write a new version of the program in c; simply discuss your solution, either in pseudocode or in 1-2 sentences.a) /* file descriptor leak */#include #include int main(int argc, char *argv[]){ char *filepath = argv[0]; char *shellpath = argv[1]; file *passwords; passwords = fopen(filepath, "r"); /* read the password and do something with it */ /* . . */ /* fork and execute alternative shell */ execl(shellpath, "shell", null); }b)#include /* assume the following function is written for an electronic storefront. the user will enter the id of the item to be ordered, as well as the quantity of units that they would like to purchase. the program will then lookup the price for the price for the item using a predefined function, and return the total cost of the order.*/int gettotalcost(){ char itemid[9]; int price, unitsordered, cost; printf(" enter the 9-digit id of the item to be ordered: "); scanf("%s", & itemid); /* lookup the price according to the itemid */ price = getpricebyid(itemid); printf(" enter the quantity of units to be ordered: "); scanf("%d", & unitsordered); cost = price * unitsordered; return cost; }c)#include /* the following function is intended to return a user's full name by concatenating the user's first and last name into a single string and then returning that string. */char *getfullname(char *firstname, char *lastname, int max_len){ char fullname[max_len]; strcpy(fullname, firstname); strcat(fullname, " "); strcat(fullname, lastname); return fullname; }d)#include /* the following code snippet runs through the list of cli arguments entered and displays them to the console. */int main(int argc, char *argv[]){ int i; printf("you've entered the following arguments: "); for(i = 0; i < argc; i++){ print(argv[i]); printf("\n"); } /* */}