Your co-worker is envisioning a new computer with an increased clock rate that will be able to run a daily log program in 2 seconds. Currently this log program requires 5 seconds to complete on an old computer running a 4 GHz clock. Provided the new computer requires 1.6 times as many clock cycles as the old computer what will be the target clock rate for the new computer

16GHz

Explanation:

Given that to complete daily log program(P) in Old comoputer take 5 seconds and clock frequency is 4 GHz

since 1 second thake 4x109 colck cylce.

so 5 second take : 5x4x109 clock cycle (Total number of clock cycle needs to complete P).

As given in question New computer can take 1.6 x 5x4x109 clock cycle to complete in 2 second.

So:

in 2 second number of clock cycle can complete is : 1.6 x 5x4x109

so in 1 second number of clock cycle can complete is : (1.6 x 5x4x109)/2 => 1.6 x 5x2x109 =>8x2x109 => 16x109 =>16GHz.

So new computerwill have 16GHz. clock rate

system programmer option d is correct

because an operating system is software that manages computer hardware and system resources.