Select the correct text in the passage. Which of these advances contributed to Improving the legibility of lettering? The History of Symbols, Handwriting, and Lettering Graphic art evolved from ancient cave paintings created in prehistoric times. The term "Ideogram" is used to describe writing systems that evolved from these forms, such as Egyptian hieroglyphs and Chinese characters. Chinese Ideograms appeared as early as 8,000 years ago, and a complete writing system in Chinese characters was developed 3,500 years ago. Egyptian hieroglyphs were part of a writing system used by the ancient Egyptians. They contained alphabetic and ideographic elements. Many modern scripts of today can be traced back to the Greek alphabet. The Greek alphabet began with the adoption of Phoenician letters. Almost a hundred years later, the Romans adapted the Greek alphabet and used it as the basis for the uppercase alphabet that we use now. The Romans developed a formal script for Important manuscripts and official documents, and a more informal style for routine types of writing. They also made another important contribution to type design. In their alphabet carvings on tablets, stonemasons added little hooks to the tips of letters to prevent their chisels from slipping. This helped create a very pleasing style that we call serifs. Reset Next

Write a function so that the main program below can be replaced by the simpler code that calls function original main program: miles_per_hour = float( minutes_traveled = float( hours_traveled = minutes_traveled / 60.0 miles_traveled = hours_traveled * miles_per_hour print('miles: %f' % miles_traveled) sample output with inputs: 70.0 100.0 miles: 116.666667

1. package newton’s method for approximating square roots (case study 3.6) in a function named newton. this function expects the input number as an argument and returns the estimate of its square root. the script should also include a main function that allows the user to compute square roots of inputs until she presses the enter/return key. 2. convert newton’s method for approximating square roots in project 1 to a recursive function named newton. (hint: the estimate of the square root should be passed as a second argument to the function.) 3. elena complains that the recursive newton function in project 2 includes an extra argument for the estimate. the function’s users should not have to provide this value, which is always the same, when they call this function. modify the definition of the function so that it uses a keyword parameter with the appropriate default value for this argument, and call the function without a second argument to demonstrate that it solves this problem. 4. restructure newton’s method (case study 3.6) by decomposing it into three cooperating functions. the newton function can use either the recursive strategy of project 1 or the iterative strategy of case study 3.6. the task of testing for the limit is assigned to a function named limitreached, whereas the task of computing a new approximation is assigned to a function named improveestimate. each function expects the relevant arguments and returns an appropriate value. 5. a list is sorted in ascending order if it is empty or each item except the last one is less than or equal to its successor. define a predicate issorted that expects a list as an argument and returns true if the list is sorted, or returns false otherwise. (hint: for a list of length 2 or greater, loop through the list and compare pairs of items, from left to right, and return false if the first item in a pair is greater.)

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