What are language standards? At this point in your study of programming, what do they mean to you?

In computing, a programming language specification (or standard or definition) is a documentation artifact that defines a programming language so that users and implementors can agree on what programs in that language mean.

The answer is  c. 1, 1, 1.b89 is an absolute reference. there are no dollar signs indicating relativity.p$90 is a mixed reference. the p column is absolute, but the row is relative as indicated by the dollar sign in front of the row number. it's a mix of absolute and relative.$d$34 is a relative reference. both the column and the rows have dollar signs in front of them, so the entire thing is relative.there's only one of each.