Assume that the OS uses a minimum page size of 16 KB. Assume that your L1 cache must be 4-way set-associative. If you're trying to correctly implement a virtually indexed physically tagged cache (with no additional support from the OS or hardware), what is the largest L1 cache that you can design

The largest size of L1 = 16 bits

Explanation:

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assuming that the OS uses a minimum page size of 16 KB

when we assume that our L1 cache must have 4-way set-associative

The largest L1 cache that you can design = 16 bits ( when the L1 cache is of a page size )

The L1 cache is closest to the processor and also the L1 is slowest and the largest of all

that without the operating systems you would have to control and synchronize computer hardware.