A character that
is raised and smaller above the baseline is called

A character that  is raised and smaller above the baseline is called a superscript.

Explanation:

For example, let 'a' be the number and 'n' is the exponent power of the number 3.

aⁿ

The number 'n' above the number 'a' is an example of a superscript.

In another example, let the expression be

4⁶

The number 6 above the number 4 is an example of a superscript.

Therefore, we conclude that a character that  is raised and smaller above the baseline is called a superscript.

answer: internal fragmentation is the difference between the (fixed) size of a memory hole and the data within in that memory. for example, if a 1,024 byte block of memory holds 800 bytes of data, then the 224 bytes difference is considered lost to internal fragmentation.

external fragmentation occurs when the sum of memory fragments is large enough to satisfy a request, but the holes are non-contiguous and the request cannot be satisfied. this can occur when memory is dynamically allocated and freed.

explanation:

1. entrepreneur.com

2. wikipedia