Which command is used to copy entire folder structures between volumes or across a network while maintaining all NTFS file permissions and attributes

Robocopy

Explanation:

The newer and most used command to accomplish this is Robocopy. This code does exactly what is described in the question, it copies the entire structure of the volume in question but still maintains all of its permissions and attributes. It also allows you to copy large datasets at an extremely fast speed, roughly 150 MB/sec. Robocopy can even resume interrupted file transfers without loss of data.